When fluid accumulates in the space between the neurosensory retina and the underlying retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) three possible types of retina detachment occur: rhegmatogenous, tractional, and exudative.
Rhegmatogenous is a term from the Greek word rhegma, which means a break. A rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is the most common type of retinal detachment. A study in Iowa by Haimann et al and in Minnesota by Wilkes et al, shows the yearly rate of RRD is 12 cases per 100,000. Internationally, the incident ranges from 7 to11. cases. The most common age of onset is 40-70 year old and more often in males than females.

Traction of the vitreous, the clear liquid inside the eye and is responsible for most of the cases of RRD. As the vitreous (the jello-like fluid in the eye) becomes thinner and more liquified with age, a detachment of the vitreous from the retina occurs. This is called a Posterior Vitreous Detachment (PVD) and is usually accompanied by flashes of light and sudden appearance of floaters that were not there previously. The thinner fluid can seep under the retinal tissue leading to a retinal detachment.
A number of eye conditions exist that can lead to higher risk of PVD occurring at an earlier stage. Aphakia (no lens), Myopia (extreme near sightedness, or Pseudophakia (cataract implant), inflammation, and family traits are some examples.

Visual results depend a lot on the preoperative macular status. Reports show that a successful reattachment occurs in over 90% of the cases. About 50% obtain a visual acuity of 20/50 (6/15). Another 10% will have vision loss despite a successful surgical procedure. Cystoid Macular Edema (swelling of a part of the eye called the macula) is the cause of the decreased vision.©

Tags: diabetic retinopathy, dilated eye exam, eye exam, healthy eyes for life, Optometrist Amarillo, Randal D. Jentzen, retina

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